aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
nounMedical Definition of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
: any of a class of amino-acid-specific enzymes that catalyze an ATP-driven reaction producing an ester linkage between a carboxyl group of an amino acid and a hydroxyl group of its corresponding transfer RNA to form aminoacyl-tRNA during the early stage of protein synthesis
— called also aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetase