1 encumber | Definition of encumber

encumber

verb
en路​cum路​ber | \ in-藞k蓹m-b蓹r How to pronounce encumber (audio) \
encumbered; encumbering\ in-​藞k蓹m-​b(蓹-​)ri艐 How to pronounce encumbering (audio) \

Definition of encumber

transitive verb

1 : weigh down, burden tourists encumbered by heavy luggage
2 : to impede or hamper the function or activity of : hinder negotiations encumbered by a lack of trust
3 : to burden with a legal claim (such as a mortgage) encumber an estate

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Encumber Has French Roots

In Old French, the noun "combre" meant a defensive obstacle formed by felled trees with sharpened branches facing the enemy. Later, in Middle French, "combre" referred to a barrier, similar to a dam or weir, constructed in the bed of a river to hold back fish or protect the banks. That notion of holding back is what informs our verb "encumber," formed by combining en- and combre. One can be physically encumbered (as by a heavy load or severe weather), or figuratively (as by bureaucratic restrictions). "Combre" also gives us the adjectives "cumbersome" and "cumbrous," both meaning "awkward or difficult to handle."

Examples of encumber in a Sentence

These rules will only encumber the people we're trying to help. Lack of funding has encumbered the project.

Recent Examples on the Web

What can be derived from all this is that almost none of what made Joe Biden attractive to Barack Obama as a vice president in 2008 is likely to prove helpful to the candidate in 2020, and that much of it is likely to prove encumbering to him. Kevin D. Williamson, National Review, "Joe Biden, Designated White Guy," 13 Aug. 2019 Vasco were well encumbered in the middle of the park during the infancy of Luiz's career, owing to the fact that Brazilian youth internationals Evander, Andrey and Mateus Vital, all played in that position. SI.com, "Douglas Luiz: 6 Things to Know About the Manchester City Star Linked With Aston Villa," 12 July 2019 Those who do handle radioactive material must first don protective suits that are inherently cumbersome and are further encumbered by the air hoses needed to allow the wearer to breathe. The Economist, "Cleaning up nuclear waste is an obvious task for robots," 20 June 2019 But governments and large aerospace companies, encumbered by lengthy planning processes, have been slower to pivot away from a focus on measuring methane emissions on a regional and global scale. Jeremy Hsu, Scientific American, "Private Space Race Targets Greenhouse Gas Emitters," 31 July 2019 It鈥檚 hard to see why the court would favor a scheme encumbering PG&E鈥檚 future revenues in order to protect existing shareholders over a plan that simply injects $18 billion of new equity. Washington Post, "PG&E Needs New Money, Not New Obligations," 27 June 2019 They are also encumbered by structural issues, such as the entrenched interests of unions, bureaucracy and laws allowing voters to approve major decisions in ballot measures. The Economist, "The futureTexas seems better placed to adapt than California," 22 June 2019 The labs, which are not encumbered by interior columns or walls, should be able to adapt to shifting research priorities. Blair Kamin, chicagotribune.com, "Is Northwestern鈥檚 new medical research building a world-class structure? The building, and the answer, are incomplete.," 13 June 2019 Laptops and tablets may also be encumbered with the 25% import levy. Mark Gurman, Fortune, "Trade War Be Damned, Apple Is Moving Its Mac Pro Production to China," 28 June 2019

These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'encumber.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.

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First Known Use of encumber

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

History and Etymology for encumber

Middle English encombren, from Anglo-French encumbrer, from en- + Middle French combre dam, weir

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More Definitions for encumber

encumber

verb

English Language Learners Definition of encumber

somewhat formal
: to make (someone or something) hold or carry something heavy
: to cause problems or difficulties for (someone or something)

encumber

verb
en路​cum路​ber | \ in-藞k蓹m-b蓹r How to pronounce encumber (audio) \
encumbered; encumbering

Kids Definition of encumber

1 : to weigh down : burden Their heavy coats encumbered the children.
2 : to cause problems or delays for : hinder Bad weather encumbered the building project.

encumber

transitive verb
en路​cum路​ber
variants: also incumber \ in-​藞k蓹m-​b蓹r \
encumbered; encumbering

Legal Definition of encumber

: to burden with a claim (as a mortgage or lien) encumbered the land with a mineral lease