caesaropapism

noun, often capitalized
cae·​sa·​ro·​pa·​pism | \ ¦sēzə(ˌ)rōˈpāˌpizəm\
plural -s

Definition of caesaropapism

1 : exercise of supreme authority over ecclesiastical matters by a secular ruler
2 : government in which the church is subordinate to the state or a secular ruler — compare byzantinism , erastianism

First Known Use of caesaropapism

1862, in the meaning defined at sense 2

History and Etymology for caesaropapism

caesar + -o- + Late Latin papa pope + English -ism

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